The Heaviest Metal on the Planet 

 Osmium, which has a bulk density nearly twice that of lead. Osmium has a specific gravity of almost 22 1/2, making it the densest naturally occurring element known. Its high density is due to the strong bonding between its atoms, which are arranged in a complex crystal structure.


In 1803AD, Osmium was discovered by Smithson Tennant when dissolving an impure sample of platinum in aqua regia, a mixture of hydrochloric and nitric acids. He was able to determine that the black powder left behind after dissolving the platinum was actually a mixture of two new elements, indium and osmium.

The name Osmium is derived from the Greek word osme, which means odor. Osmium derived its name due to the strange smell of the compound Tennant was working with, which was osmium tetroxide.

Osmium’s claim to fame is that it is the densest of all the elements. It is also a member of the platinum group metals or PGMs (along with Ruthenium, Rhodium, Palladium, Iridium and Platinum) as well as being a transition metal.

Basic Information
Table 1. Basic Properties of Osmium


Osmium is a rare element and found in the Earth's crust. Osmium-rich ores include Osmiridium and Iridosmine of which the former is the most common.Osmium is also found in all ores of platinum.

The largest known primary reserves of osmium include the Bushveld igneous complex in South Africa, however the huge copper-nickel deposits near the Norilsk in Russia and the Canada-based Sudbury basin are also important osmium sources.


Osmium consists of seven naturally occurring isotopes. Of these 6 are considered stable and the 7th, Osmium 186 has a half life of 2x1015 years, making it stable for all practical purposes. Several radioactive isotopes of Osmium also exist.

Production of Osmium
Osmium concentrates are produced as a by-product of nickel and copper mining or alternatively while isolating the platinum metal from its ores. Osmium is then separated from other platinum group metals by distillation or organic solvent extraction to yield volatile Osmium tetroxide OsO4 which is then collected and precipitated using KOH. The resultant salt is reduced and roasted to yield a fine power of Osmium.
Health Aspects
Some of the osmium compounds are very dangerous and cause irritation to throat, lungs, skin and eyes. Extreme care is needed while handling the compounds. One needs to be very careful while handling the most widely used osmium compound, osmium tetroxide (OsO4).

Key Properties
The key properties of osmium are listed below

Osmium is a bluish-white and shiny metal.
Osmium is very hard and is brittle even at very high temperatures
Osmium has the lowast vapor pressure and the highest melting point among the platinum group of metals
Osmium’s density is slightly more than iridium hence is credited as the heaviest element
Osmium can be dissolved by acids or aqua regia only if exposed to these liquids for a long period.
The metal reacts with oxygen to form osmium tetroxide (OsO4) after heating.
Osmium tetroxide is highly toxic and the only essential commercial compound of osmium.
Applications
Due to its rarity and hence expense, osmium has a limited number of applications. Applications of osmium include:

Osmium can be used as an alloying agent, where it adds hardness to the resultant metal. Examples include platinum or indium
Certain alloys of osmium and platinum are used in the manufacture of specialized laboratory equipment
Finely divided osmium metal can be used as a catalyst e.g. in the process of forming ammonia by combining hydrogen and nitrogen.
Hard alloys can be produced by using Osmium. Osmium alloys are used in ball point pen tips, fountain pen tips, record player needles, compass needles and electrical contacts.
Early light bulb filaments used osmium. This was later replaced by tungsten which was found to be easier to work with.
Due to its inertness, osmium-platinum is used to make surgical instruments and pacemakers
Osmium tetroxide is highly volatile and strongly oxidizing and is beneficial in the chemical industry as long as one takes sufficient precautions.
Osmium tetroxide is used for staining biological samples for microscopic examination and for fingerprint detection.

Osmium tetroxide has an unpleasant chlorinelike odor, which prompted Tennant to name the element using the Greek word osme, "a smell."

There you have it. The heaviest metal on earth.[/color][/color]

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Interesting conspiracy take that I can go along with for now.

Quote:September 4, 2024 / Joseph P. Farrell

Today's blog is unusual because it is not about an article that was shared, but rather about a "tweet" on the former "Twitter" (now "X") that was shared by V.T., and the "tweet" caused me to think about more connections and "combinations" of the sort I was warning about in last Monday's blog.  The "tweet" or "X" was this:



https://x.com/iluminatibot/status/1829058753121136855

Now why would a tweet about the deaths of people who have invented so-called "free energy" devices have triggered my thoughts today? Indeed, I'm so "triggered" that I had difficulty deciding whether or not to put this under the "Call it Conspiracy" tab or "Babylon's Banksters" tab, and it could easily go under both. But again, why am I compelled to write about a "tweet" rather than about an article or normal blog?

First of all, the idea that all these people should have died - and in some cases, been murdered - under unusual circumstances that adds up to mere coincidence, strains credulity.  But why should such people be monitored to the extent that "someone" would wish to cause their deaths, and suppress their inventions?

Some years ago I wrote a book titled Babylon's Banksters, in which I discussed the wireless power scheme of electrical genius Nikola Tesla, the man who, quite literally and virtually single-handedly, created the electrical system that lights the entire globe.  In that book I pointed out that the fundamental problem that stood in the way of the world adopting his wireless power system was twofold, as far as the powers-that-were were concerned: (1) the system was relatively easy to comprehend and engineer, and (2) one and the same system could be weaponized literally at the turn of a dial, as Tesla himself subsequently revealed. The Powers-that-were (the same powers that are now) put out the lame story that the system was killed because "it could not be metered," a ridiculous idea since those same powers stood to make a mint simply from the licensing agreements of any appliance using the system. Something else was involved in the suppression, and that was the proliferation/weaponization danger: there was no way to control its spread.

It should also be noted that Tesla's system was not a "free energy" system by any definition of that term one may choose.  But in any case, Tesla himself was too famous to suffer a "convenient suicide", so he was relegated to a media-reinforced obscurity, dying in relative poverty in 1943. But the proliferation problem remains with any and all such "free energy" claims. Assume, for a moment, that someone, somewhere, managed to create a technology able to tap directly into the vacuum, or zero point, energy. Such claims are, indeed, at the core of most such stories, and even the various models of cold fusion have some remote conceptual tie-in to it. This means that a technology that has the potential to make even the Soviet Union's enormous 57 megaton "Tsar Bomba" look like a kitchen match, would become more or less a commonplace across the globe. The proliferation problem remains, unless one can invent a way to track everyone on the planet, and monitor their purchases to make sure no one builds a "free-energy" version of the Tsar Bomba in their garage.

Bad news: with a central bank digital currency, the technological means to do that is now available. and I submit, that with the emergence of advocacy of such a "currency" is really, perhaps, about something else: not merely total control of the planet's population, and its reduction to absolute serfdom, but that it may also be about the introduction of so-called "free energy" technologies into the open market, because now the means to track and prevent weaponization and proliferation presently exists, and has only emerged in the last few years.  Or to put the point differently: a race is on between those wanting to bring central bank digital currencies to market, and those wanting to bring "free energy" to market.

And there is yet another reason that these two stories - free energy and central bank digital currencies - are intimately related, and must be understood by the popular mind to be so related. During the roll outs of so called digital or crypto-currencies, it was soon discovered that the new "currencies" required an enormous amount of electrical energy to "mine." Our friend and colleague Catherine Austin Fitts has quipped that such efforts have the carbon and energy footprint of a panzer division, and her point is well-made: for a global central bank digital currency to be usable, an enormous energy consumption will be required, and "free energy" technologies are the ticket to that CBDC world; again we are confronted with the truth that every monetary and currency system is ultimately a system of physics and energy.  And with that in mind, a virtual monopoly on so-called "free energy" is required by the nature of the case to make a system of central bank digital currency practical. Any individual doing this "on his own" in his garage is threatening that money-and-force monopoly.

So why are banksters pushing Central Bank Digital Currencies so heavily in recent years? I strongly suspect it is because they are aware of developments in physics and technologies threatening their monopolies on money and force, and that the latter threat on the monopoly on force may be due to their knowledge of "threats from outside"... that's a whole other story, of course, but for the moment, I want the reader to take a few things away from this blog. Firstly, whenever one hears of a story of a free energy device, or the death of an inventor of such, then one must immediately think of the financial and economic consequences; and secondly, every time one hears of a story involving crypto-currencies or central bank digital currencies or their advocacy, one should immediately think of more efficient energy technologies, and their weaponization potentials.

It may seem a strange thing to do, until one remembers that Mr. Globalooney and the banksters behind him, are literally trying to juggle and maintain control of an increasingly complex technological world that threatens to literally engulf and unseat them, and that in order to maintain their control over all of it, they will literally make a deal with the devil himself to save themselves and humanity itself from what they perceive are the dangers of proliferation. In doing so they are, of course, wrong on a multitude of levels, but it is important to understand their mentality; they literally will make a deal with anyone or anything enabling them to "save humanity" and "retain control."

You just never know and whatever October surprise is in store is right around the corner.



TEU = twenty-foot equivalent unit. Those shipping containers you see all the time. A general unit of cargo capacity, often used for container ships and container ports. It is based on the volume of a 20-foot-long (6.1 m) intermodal container, a standard-sized metal box that can be easily transferred between different modes of transportation, such as ships, trains, and trucks.

Quote:Asian exports of manufactured goods to the US could shift to west coast ports, but building supplies and wine from Europe and bananas from Latin America will have a far harder time rerouting if east and Gulf coast ports are shuttered.

THE clock is ticking. A potentially disastrous strike at US east and Gulf Coast ports may be just three weeks away.

Containers loaded today in Asia and bound for key gateways like New York will arrive after the October 1 deadline, when the International Longshoremen’s Association has vowed to strike if a new contract agreement isn’t reached.

Data on US imports underscores the enormity of the potential disruption, which could occur just a month before the vote on the US presidency and could spawn massive ship queues reminiscent of the Covid era.

After all the misplaced angst over a possible strike at west coast ports in 2023, the consequences of a shutdown on the other coastlines this year would be even more severe.

East and Gulf coast ports account for half of total US imports measured in teu and more than half measured in cargo tonnes.

A west coast shutdown would have overwhelmingly impacted US imports from Asia, but not other source regions. In contrast, a shutdown of east and Gulf coast ports will not only impact Asian cargoes, it will cripple US imports from Europe and Latin America, with shippers having few options to reroute.

‘Cataclysmic to marine supply chains’

According to data compiled by independent analyst John McCown, the top five ports on the east and Gulf coasts (Houston, Savannah, New York/New Jersey, Norfolk, Charleston) imported 6,953,037 teu in January-July, up 12% from the same period last year.

During the first seven months of 2024, the east and Gulf coast ports handled 50.8% of total imports measured in teu through the country’s top 10 ports. The share for the east and Gulf coast ports was higher in January-July 2023, at 52.7%, with the year-on-year decline widely attributed to shippers preparing for the strike.

“The impact of a coastwide strike across all east and Gulf coast ports would be pronounced even if short-lived,” McCown told Lloyd’s List on Tuesday.

“Those US ports, by my calculation, are linked to trade lanes representing 16.2% of worldwide teu-miles. The immediate effect would be as if that much capacity was removed. That is twice as much capacity as was removed due to longer voyages resulting from the Red Sea situation.

[size=large]“Any shifting to west coast ports, representing 11.8% of teu-miles, or non-US North American ports, representing 10.4% of teu-miles, could quickly overwhelm those ports and cause more congestion.

“The impact of such a strike of any duration would quickly spread across all container systems and be cataclysmic to maritime supply chains worldwide. Customers who move $3.2bn per day of goods in containers across east and Gulf coast ports and $5.6bn per day across all US ports would feel the largest impact.”

On reports that US importers have heavily frontloaded shipments in preparation for the strike, McCown said, “I have not seen enough data to indicate that inventory levels have been built up enough where customers can absorb any strike without meaningful economic pain.”

He also warned: “Clearly the follow-on impacts of any such strike – including domestic production lines shutting down – will just grow exponentially the longer it lasts.”

Risks to imports from Asia, Europe, Latin America

Another import data set is compiled by the US Census Bureau, using customs declarations on tonnes of containerised imports. This data shows a higher share of total US imports for east and Gulf coast ports than teu metrics – 63.9% in January-July 2024 and 66.6% in January-July 2023.

The disparity between the tonne and the teu import percentages relates to the higher density of cargo types brought through US east and Gulf coast ports versus west coast ports, explained Jason Miller, a freight economist and Michigan State University supply chain professor who compiles the Census Bureau import data.

In the first seven months of this year, 52% of containerised cargo tonne imports handled at east and Gulf coast ports arrived from Asia, 27% from Europe, and 21% from Latin America and other regions, according to Census Bureau data.

East and Gulf coast ports handled 51% of the total US import cargo tonnes from Asia in January-June. Miller told Lloyd’s List, “We see a mix of consumer and industrial goods [from Asia to the east and Gulf coasts]. Furniture is high on the list, and consumer goods like toys and bed linens. But we also see solar panels and a lot of motor vehicle parts and tires. We see building materials showing up as well, along with inputs going to manufacturing sectors.”

The strike scenario is much more acute for US imports from Europe. East and Gulf coast ports accounted for 90% of cargo tonnes from Europe imported to the US in January-July. Rerouting options for such shipments are extremely constrained, largely limited to eastern Canada.

The US east and Gulf coast import mix from Europe is much different than from Asia (bolstering the tonne share versus the teu share due to higher cargo density). US imports from Europe are less manufactured-goods-centric than those from Asia. Instead, they are dominated by building supplies – plaster, ceramic tiles, stone and cement – and food and beverages, led by wine and beer.

The strike scenario for imports from Latin America is almost as dire as it is for Europe. The Census Bureau data shows that 83% of US cargo tonnes imported from non-Asian and non-European countries (primarily Latin America) year to date entered the country via east and Gulf coast ports.

One of the main cargo types from this region: produce requiring refrigerated transport. One of the largest US gateways for these cargoes is Philadelphia.

“There are a lot of bananas coming through these ports,” said Miller. Bananas are the second largest category of cargo imports measured in tonnes to east and Gulf coast ports year to date.

Produce like bananas would face great difficulty in the event of a strike, given that such cargo has time constraints, with bananas having a storage life of around four weeks.

One option for shipments from the west coast of South America could be to ship to Los Angeles/Long Beach, then traverse the country by truck. “It could have some interesting ultra-long-haul refrigerated truckload implications,” said Miller.

Another area of interest I took up a little while back is the power of frequencies. This lead me to the hemi sync process. I started to put it into practice, and noticed a change pretty soon after practicing this methodology, and using binaural beats to sync both hemispheres of the brain together so they sync up together at the same frequency. Ive heard that this is even something that is a part of Navy Seal training. As well as some government agencies. This is also something i have learned to use in my meditation; as well as for healing, of didn't sorts.

Hemi Sync Through Binaural Beats

March 29
So, Hemi-Sync® Works! But How?


Allyn Evans
A German scientist named Heinrich Wilhelm Dove discovered in 1839 what happens when one tone (or frequency) is introduced into one ear and then another tone is introduced in the other ear. It is called a binaural beat, which to us sounds like a warbling sound similar to what you might hear while riding in a two-propeller airplane.

As an example, let’s assume we are playing a tone of 120 Hz in one ear and 128 Hz in the other. The brain will then translate this to 8 Hz (binaural beat). A Hertz measurement is equivalent to the number of cycles per second a frequency is expressed. If we are experiencing this ourselves, then we are more likely to be able to access the state of awareness associated with the difference. In our example, then, we’d find ourselves with the opportunity to experience the alpha state.

How Do We Know Sound Technology is Effective? We all experience a range of normal brainwaves that can be measured by an electroencephalogram (EEG). This device measures our brainwaves as well as provides a means to evaluate what states we might be experiencing at any given moment, states that are considered normal and part of our daily experience.

When we are measuring cerebral signals we typically find readings ranging from 1 to 20 Hz (hertz). Although, we are capable of reading lower and higher signals. Our focus for this discussion will keep us primarily in the .5 to 30 Hz range. To better understand, we’ll discuss several brainwaves patterns. We can measure brainwaves using cycles per second, which is called a hertz (Hz). The lower number means slower activity is occurring in the brain.

Beta (13 Hz to approximately 30 Hz)
Beta frequencies originate in the cortex, the thinking/reasoning part of the brain. Beta is the state of awareness we tend to find ourselves in when we are wide-eyed and alert. A beta state is indicative of times when we are engaging with life—being busy or productive, worrying, fretting, concentrating or being fully engaged in an activity. Robert Monroe referred to this state as being in C1 consciousness. When we are in this state we are usually wide awake and alert.

Alpha (8 Hz to 12 Hz)
Alpha waves originate in the thalamus, the great relay station in the brain that receives sensory input from external and internal stimuli and then passes them on to the cortex and other parts of the brain for processing. One way to think of alpha is in terms of driving a manual transmission car when the stick shift is in neutral. From a neutral position, one can easily transition to the action phase (beta) or to a state of relaxation (theta and delta). This state or these frequencies can be achieved when relaxing or meditating. Children under the age of six years spend much of their waking time in the alpha brainwaves regions. Typically, one is lying or sitting quietly with eyes closed to reach this state. We tend to step “out” of an alpha state when our eyes are open, when we are thinking or when we invite in our analytical mind to evaluate and review.

Theta (4 Hz to 7 Hz)
Theta brainwaves are instrumental in the limbic system (amygdala, hypothalamus) in the brain. The limbic system is the key to emotional and memory aspects of our brain function. It’s a place that is subconscious for most people, and often overriding or hijacking the rational thinking or reasoning of the cortical brain. These frequencies can be easily reached when sleeping. In the more alert phases of theta, you might find that you tap more readily into your creativity as this is a highly functioning cognitive state. Researchers Elmer and Alyce Green of the Menninger Foundation said: “Causing the brain to generate theta activity daily over a period of time seems to have enormous benefits, including boosting the immune system, enhancing creativity and triggering feelings of wellbeing.”

Delta (.5 Hz to 3 Hz)
Delta waves are generated by the brainstem, especially during sleep, and allow the cortical, thinking brain to be down-regulated when we need to have rest and recovery. This state typically occurs when one is experiencing a deep level of sleep. Studies indicate that a person benefits mentally and physically from regular delta experiences while sleeping. Delta is also involved in global communications of the cortical brain and has a multitude of other functions.

Like we already said … The Proof is in the Pudding. Yes, We Can Measure This!

So now you understand some of the languages of the brain and hopefully, you understand a little about the mechanism and why it works. Keep reading for more details.

Your Brain Will Thank You! What Binaural Beats Can Do For You!

Specific combinations and layers of signals, for example, can help individuals achieve laser-like focus and concentration. Hemi-Sync® is one example and is a trade name. Depending on the intended goals, different frequencies are combined with music, verbal guidance or subtle sound effect to strengthen its effectiveness. Exercises can be targeted to incorporate predominately delta frequencies, which assist with sleeping. Or they can be designed to offer predominantly beta frequencies, which helps with concentration and focus. Users remain in total control. These recordings do not contain subliminal messages or any other directives that are not completely transparent. Hemispheric synchronization does occur naturally in daily life, but typically only for random, brief periods of time. Sound technology can assist individuals in achieving and sustaining this highly productive, coherent, brainwaves state.




This process had such potential that the C.I.A. picked up research on it.
They came to find that this process leads to opening up psychic abilities as well. To the point of something called the "Gateway project," that is a guide for astral projection.




Note the knowledge they picked up concerning holograms. Put a pin in that.

As I've stated in the past, I've pretty well mastered the auto hypnotic suggestion.

This is like any other discipline. Some parts come easier than others.
Oddly, I had already learned some of these disciplines, through the meditative practices I had learned, as a young man, through Taoism; and the art of meditation.

The mind is powerful. It holds the heavens, God, the devil, above, below, and everything in between. It is the door in which we step through, and into the Kingdom.

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I have compiled some notes on the angels, and there places, according to the Abrahamic scrolls. I started with the book of Enoch, along with some Catholic texts.
Meet the Archangels of God


From the book of Enoch
XX. Name and Functions of the Seven Archangels.

CHAPTER XX.
1. And these are the names of the holy angels who watch. 2. Uriel, one of the holy angels, who is over the world and over Tartarus. 3. Raphael, one of the holy angels, who is over the spirits of men. 4. Raguel, one of the holy angels who †takes vengeance on† the world of the luminaries. 5. Michael, one of the holy angels, to wit, he that is set over the best part of mankind ⌈⌈and⌉⌉ over chaos. 6. Saraqâêl, one of the holy angels, who is set over the spirits, who sin in the spirit. 7. Gabriel, one of the holy angels, who is over Paradise and the serpents and the Cherubim. 8. Remiel, one of the holy angels, whom God set over those who rise.



The Four Archangels.

CHAPTER XL.
1. And after that I saw thousands of thousands and ten thousand times ten thousand, I saw a multitude beyond number and reckoning, who stood before the Lord of Spirits. 2. And on the four sides of the Lord of Spirits I saw four presences, different from those that sleep not, and I learnt their names: for the angel that went with me made known to me their names, and showed me all the hidden things.

3. And I heard the voices of those four presences as they uttered praises before the Lord of glory. 4. The first voice blesses the Lord of Spirits for ever and ever. 5. And the second voice I heard blessing the Elect One and the elect ones who hang upon the Lord of Spirits. 6. And the third voice I heard pray and intercede for those who dwell on the earth and supplicate in the name of the Lord of Spirits. 7. And I heard the fourth voice fending off the Satans and forbidding them to come before the Lord of Spirits to accuse them who dwell on the earth. 8. After that I asked the angel of peace who went with me, who showed me everything that is hidden: 'Who are these four presences which I have seen and whose words I have heard and written down?' 9. And he said to me: 'This first is Michael, the merciful and long-suffering: and the second, who

p. 60

is set over all the diseases and all the wounds of the children of men, is Raphael: and the third, who is set over all the powers, is Gabriel: and the fourth, who is set over the repentance unto hope of those who inherit eternal life, is named Phanuel.' And these are the four angels of the Lord of Spirits and the four voices I heard in those days.

I took this last section from two different Catholic texts.
Seraphim: The highest order, known for their intense love and worship of God, often depicted as six-winged beings (Isaiah 6:2-7).
Cherubim: The second-highest order, associated with the throne of God and often depicted as four-winged beings (Exodus 25:18-22, Ezekiel 10:1-22).
Thrones: The third-highest order, responsible for governing and maintaining the divine order (Colossians 1:16).
Dominions: The fourth order, involved in governing and ruling over various aspects of creation (Ephesians 1:21).
Virtues: The fifth order, associated with moral virtues and the governance of the universe (1 Peter 3:7).
Powers: The sixth order, responsible for exercising authority and power in the universe (Ephesians 1:21).
Principalities: The seventh order, involved in governing and guiding nations and peoples (Ephesians 6:12).
Archangels: The eighth order, often depicted as high-ranking angels, such as Michael and Gabriel (Jude 1:9, Revelation 12:7-9).
Angels: The lowest order, yet still considered “angels” due to their role as messengers and servants of God (Hebrews 1:14)

Seraphim - Isaiah 6:2, 6:6; Ezekiel 1:13
Leading this sphere are the Seraphim, which means in Hebrew “to burn”. Out of all of the angels, the Seraphim have the most intimate knowledge of God and they meditate upon His Person, meaning they contemplate on the great mystery about who and what God is, including the Trinity. Because they comprehend God with greater clarity than any other of God’s creations, they are so passionately in love with Him due to so much that has been revealed to them and they are characterized by fire, which is thus why they are often referred to as the burning ones. And because of this great in depth knowledge of God and their burning passionate love for Him that defines and characterizes their being, it is speculated that the Seraphim are incapable of sinning because such knowledge and love/charity cannot allow them to do so; it would become a contradiction of their nature and being.

Second to the Seraphim are the Cherubim. While the Seraphim contemplate on God as a Person, the Cherubim meditate upon His Divine Plan for all of Creation. Because of their knowledge and understanding of the Divine Plan, the Cherubim are often translated to mean “fullness of wisdom”. In accordance with their contemplation about the Divine Plan, the Seraphim teach the Cherubim about the Divine Person which helps the Cherubim understand the Divine Plan all the more.

Third in rank within this First Sphere are the Thrones and they represent the judicial power of God. From the Cherubim, they learn about the Divine Person of God and His Divine Plan, which in turn allows them to mediate upon the power of God and His judgments, such as man’s banishment from Eden, the Flood of Noah, etc. The Thrones are responsible for passing on their divine knowledge down to the Second Sphere of the Hierarchy.

Dominions (also called Dominations) - Ephesians 1:21, Colossians 1:16
The word Dominions have root in the Latin word dominus, which means “master” or “lord”. Thus the Dominions are the angels of authority and they are believed to be the leaders of the Second Sphere of the Angelic Hierarchy and they pass on the orders of knowledge of God that they received from the Thrones down to those under their charge. In essence, they are similar to the Archangels in the Third Sphere in terms of duty, but they oversee the affairs of guarding the Universe and protecting it from harm.

Powers (also called Authorities) - Ephesians 1:21, 1 Peter 3:22
It is believed that the Powers fight the forces of evil that desire to destroy the Creation. It is thus possible to speculate that if Satan and his demons were to make an effort to destroy the Earth by means manipulating the forces of the Universe, such as through a great asteroid or a solar flare, the Powers would prevent the Enemy from succeeding.

Virtues - Ephesians 1:21, 1 Peter 3:22
The Virtues mean “might” and “energy”. It is believed that they oversee the movements of planets, stars, and the forces of nature. Thus, they make sure that the Universe operates according to God’s Design.

*Note: Some traditions rank the Virtues above the Powers in the hierarchy.

THE THIRD SPHERE
The duties of the Third Sphere are to look after human beings

Principalities - Romans 8:38; Ephesians 3:10, 6:12; Colossians 1:16, 2:15
The Principalities are the Guardian Angels of nations and cities. There are also evil Principalities who had joined Satan in his rebellion against God and thus there are also Principalities appointed by Satan to influence nations and cities for evil, which is evident by the fact that in Daniel 10:13 the Prophet Daniel is told by an angel that there was a spiritual power referred to as the prince of Persia who that angel was in conflict with until the Archangel Michael came to his aid.

Archangels - 1 Thessalonians 4:16, Jude 9
The Archangels are Guardian Angels appointed to guard special individuals, such as the Church, the Pope, possibly the Virgin Mary while one Earth, etc. What makes it extremely strange is that even though the Angelic Host as a whole consists of an innumerable amount of angels, Sacred Scripture and Sacred Tradition indicates that there are only seven angels who have this rank (Tobit 12:15; Revelation 1:4,20; 3:1; 8:2,6; and Isaiah 63:9). More on this will be addressed at a later time.

Angels - Numerous references!
These are the angels who directly look after the affairs of mankind and deliver God’s Divine Revelation to us. The Guardian Angels are part of this choir.

The angels and their Hierarchy among the Heavenly hosts. 

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Quantum mechanics is something I have been learning the last couple of years. The deeper my understanding of it goes the more fascinating it becomes. This article runs through a plethora of quantum mechanics applications. 

You are a wave.
Ultra cold atoms

January 20, 2020

The Coolest Physics You’ve Ever Heard Of

Ultracold atoms can simulate all sorts of quantum behavior

By Karmela Padavic-Callaghan


When it comes to furthering our overall understanding of the physical world, ultracold quantum gases are awfully promising. As renowned physicist Richard Feynman argued, to fully understand nature, we need quantum means of simulation and computation. Ultracold atomic systems have, in the past 30 years, proven to be amazing quantum simulators. The number of applications for these systems as such simulators is nothing short of overwhelming, ranging from engineering artificial crystals to providing new platforms for quantum computing. In its brief history, ultracold atomic experimental research has enhanced physicists’ understanding of a truly vast array of important phenomena.

One of the revelations of quantum mechanics is that any object can be seen as a wave (even you!) when an appropriate experimental test is used. Properties of these so-called matter waves depend on their temperature; at high temperatures they have short wavelengths and look and behave particlelike because all the peaks and valleys are so close together that they cannot be told apart. If we lower temperatures to much less than a single kelvin, the wave nature of matter becomes more pronounced and wavelike behaviors more important. What happens then with a large collection of very cold atoms that behave like a large collection of waves? They can all align and overlap to form a single wave, something that was historically called a macroscopic wave function. Such a system—a condensate in physics parlance—is a fundamentally quantum state of matter.

Quantum condensates were theoretically predicted in the mid-1920s, but it was only in the late 1990s that experimental physicists kicked off a revolution (recognized with two Nobel Prizes) by using lasers and magnets to reach sufficiently low temperatures for the transition to these phases of matter to happen. Light can interact with atoms and thus change their energies. Atoms also experience forces when placed in nonuniform magnetic fields. Physicists used these two properties to trap clouds of atoms such as rubidium and eventually lower their temperature to picokelvins—trillionths of a degree above absolute zero. Remarkably, experiments in which these extremely low temperatures can be reached, and quantum states of matter are engineered, fit in an average-sized room, on a large table with the ultracold atom gas frequently visible to the naked eye. The coldest places in the universe can often be found in a room on your local college campus, and they are likely controlled by a graduate student.

But it’s not just making something the coldest or the most quantum that excites physicists; it’s that ultracold atoms can be controlled and manipulated very precisely. Theoretical physicists have been especially emboldened by the possibility of engineering a quantum system by moving ultracold atoms around and fine-tuning the way in which they interact. To a theorist, a physical system such as a novel material that has some odd or unexpected property is a frustrating black box that is hard to describe with mathematical equations.

An ultracold atomic experiment can be the exact opposite, bringing equations to life and determining whether they measure up to nature. Many minimal, prototypical models, extensively studied at the level of mathematical equations but not necessarily matched by any naturally found material, can be engineered in ultracold atomic experiments. Since the late 1990s physicists of all sorts have embraced this idea and pushed it in every direction they could imagine.

As one example, adding counterpropagating laser beams to an ultracold atomic sample creates an optical lattice and turns the system into an artificial crystal. Whereas a physical crystal has to be grown carefully, an ultracold artificial crystal can be changed from one shape to another through adjustments to laser beams. Even more advantageously, such artificial crystals are typically very clean, and researchers can add in disorder by using more lasers. This means they can “reverse engineer” some of the effects of disorder. If a crystal is grown and then studied, it can be difficult to determine how much “dirt” in that sample actually matters for experimental outcomes. If researchers can control the disorder, then they can be very precise about determining its consequences.


From the very first ultracold atomic experiments, they have been really important for studying fluids having zero viscosity, or superfluids. When does a normal fluid become a superfluid? Can something similar to sound propagate through a superfluid? What happens if a container of superfluid is rotated? Many such fundamental questions have been answered through simulations with ultracold atoms.

For instance, rotating a superfluid has been predicted to give rise to the appearance of vortices—small hurricanes of quantum fluid—as a consequence of basic properties of the macroscopic wave function. Researchers are learning about quantum turbulence by observing and manipulating these vortices, thinking of them as controllable building blocks of more chaotic superfluid flows. Precise models for turbulent quantum flows have historically eluded theorists, which makes ultracold atomic simulations the first line of attack for this difficult problem.

As with studies of superfluids, many efforts have been made to simulate superconductors. They are perfect conductors having no resistance; no energy is wasted as electric current runs through them. As this is in contrast with all conductors used to supply electricity to businesses and households, it is a very active area of research to try to simulate a superconductor that does not have to be very cold. Whereas a physicist’s notion of “very cold” may not quite match the colloquial use of the phrase (a “cold atom” in physics jargon is vastly colder than a cold pint of ice cream in your fridge), even a few kelvins’ worth of difference could be meaningful for applications of superconductors outside the lab.

Theoretical physicists have debated various high-temperature superconducting models for years, and ultracold atomic studies have been one of the prime ways to put those, sometimes conflicting, theories to the test. Experimental physicists can also make a superfluid of ultracold atoms become something like a superconductor in a process called BEC-BCS crossover. This crossover has been theorized in semiconductors and neutron stars but never unequivocally confirmed in any system other than ones consisting of extremely cold atoms.

Superconductors and superfluids are both fundamentally quantum phases of matter, making up something like a quantum expansion of the liquid-solid-vapor list of phases you may have learned in school. Ultracold atomic experiments continue to simulate even more novel quantum phases of matter. One striking example from 2019 is simulation of a quantum supersolid. A supersolid, like a superfluid, flows without any friction between the atoms that make it up but also has a periodic, crystal-like structure like solids do. It is a seemingly paradoxical state of matter whose existence was debated for almost 50 years before ultracold atomic experiments provided a definitively affirmative conclusion.

Many so-called topological phases of matter have also been realized in ultracold systems. Some of these experiments simulate, and generalize, the quantum Hall effect, which was first observed in more traditional experiments with semiconductors. Because many topological states of matter have properties unaffected by disorder, they are a very promising setting for quantum computation. In this way, realizing topological models in a very tunable ultracold atomic system means that physicists are able to not only simulate a new phase of matter but also immediately put it to use, getting closer to making a quantum computer.




Even if ultracold atomic systems have not been turned into quantum computation machines just yet, they can often be used to “beat” classical supercomputers in terms of enabling researchers to learn something new about fundamental physics. One example is that of many-body physics. In quantum mechanics, a system that has more than a few interacting particles is almost always a system where it is very difficult to calculate, and therefore predict, anything precisely. And yet real materials consist of millions of atoms!

Ultracold atomic systems have been invaluable for studying highly interacting many-body systems, uncovering phenomena such as systems failing to reach thermal equilibrium and never losing “memory” of their initial state. Physicists often resort to computational methods and supercomputers to study these systems, but a simulation with ultracold atoms can be a more direct way to attack some of their questions. Failure to equilibrate is of great interest in statistical physics, and the advent of ultracold atomic experiments has reinforced it as a very active field of contemporary physics research.

As for me personally, despite being trained in the broader discipline of condensed matter physics, I spent my six years as a graduate student coming back to ultracold atoms over and over again. Mostly I studied superfluid bubbles (hollow shells) made of ultracold atoms. This led me to the work of NASA scientists who launched an ultracold atom experiment into space to explore how it will be affected by extremely low gravity. This experiment is ongoing onboard the International Space Station, and theorists like me who made predictions about what it will find are anxiously awaiting new results.

In a way, it is fitting that studying hollow ultracold shells caused me to think about space, as part of the motivation for this research lies with neutron stars. Physicists don’t really know what you would find if you could observe the inside of neutron star, but many theories suggest that it looks like an onion with layers of superconductors and superfluids. Studying superfluid shells in labs could then lead to a better understanding of some of these layers that reside in stars that are so far away that scientists may never be able to study them directly. Moreover, measurements of radio signals coming from neutron stars suggest that superfluid vortices within them may affect their rotation.

Ultracold atomic experiments have excelled in studying exactly those vortices with great precision. I spent several years working on mathematical arguments for what a vortex in a hollow shell of ultracold atoms might do if the whole thing started rotating. I have badgered a fair number of my experimental colleagues with questions about engineering such a system in their labs, and the fact that this is even something we can talk about, some semblance of simulating the quantum innards of a neutron star, still seems to me a little bit like science fiction.

My latest ultracold obsession came when I learned about quasiperiodicity in one-dimensional chains of ultracold atoms. The puzzle hiding behind the jargon is simple: physicists know well how structures of atoms in which they repeat with a regular period behave in nature, but what happens if that period is an irrational number? Such systems are called quasiperiodic, and studying them led cognitive scientist Douglas Hofstadter in 1976 to discover a famous fractal plot later dubbed his butterfly. Hofstadter’s plot is self-similar: if you zoom in or zoom out any amount, it still looks the same.

This property implies that physical states having fractional dimensions can exist in nature, a revelation that jump-started a search for more physical systems where that can happen. A few years ago another graduate student mentioned to me that they had simulated a quasiperiodic system in their ultracold atomic research lab, and I, too, have not stopped chasing the Hofstadter butterfly since. Why would nature care about the difference between rational and irrational numbers so much as to allow for fractional dimensions to be more than a mathematical oddity? Ultracold atomic studies are likely to help physicists answer that question, and I hope to be around to hear about them.

My experience as a researcher has included only a sliver of many topics in modern physics for which ultracold atomic experiments are meaningful. The possibilities are truly numerous. And the quantum simulation revolution is nowhere near over! Researchers continue to push the limits of existing technology to cool gases made up of more elements and execute more manipulations.

Next steps? Quantum chemistry, where molecules form at ultracold temperatures. Ultracold quantum systems that are so large they cannot be called microscopic despite quantum mechanics always being assumed to describe only the smallest of objects. Ultracold systems that can be used to measure fundamental constants in tabletop experiments instead of large accelerators (like CERN’s Large Hadron Collider). Ultracold experiments where a single atom can be poked, prodded, moved around and imaged. And whatever else can give us a window into the fundamentals of our (quantum) world.

An interesting takeaway from all of this is that with cooling down atoms they can run experiments that would usually need a large Hadron Collider to run the experiments.
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/ar...0X22000027
The ability to manipulate atoms that are super cooled is both fascinating, and frightening; when all applications are considered.

I spent so much time of my life thinking about the cosmos, and everything on such a grand scale of how huge the universe really is. Quantum mechanics got me to realize that there is a whole other universe that's on a macroscopic scale.

It's amazing to think that even the largest objects in space are made up of tiny little atoms. The deeper we look into these atoms, the further they go. To the point now that we need new ways to look closer at what's actually going on inside the tiniest parts of atoms.

Maybe this type or research will one day lead to proving string theory, eh?

In essence, if you look deeply enough into any subatomic particle, you will find a string. Even more, string theory states that the strings within different particles are actually identical in nature but vibrate at different rates and in different patterns. The vibrations of the string is what determines what type of particle it is to be. For example, an electron is less massive than a quark. According to string theory, the electron’s string vibrates less than the quark’s string.” (3)

In other words, the vibrations of the string is what produces the particle. A particle is nothing more than the result of vibrations. As of today, it is not known what exactly causes the string to vibrate. One of the leading theories basically states that whatever it is, it must come from a higher dimension.

https://creation.com/string-theory-and-t...ld-problem

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This is a strange case.

Quote:Alexander Yuk Ching Ma, 71, of Honolulu, a former Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) officer, was sentenced today to conspiring to gather and deliver national defense information to the People’s Republic of China (PRC).

Ma was arrested in August 2020, after admitting to an undercover FBI employee that he had facilitated the provision of classified information to intelligence officers employed by the PRC’s Shanghai State Security Bureau (SSSB).

According to court documents, Ma worked for the CIA from 1982 until 1989. His blood relative (identified as co-conspirator #1 or CC #1 in court documents), who is deceased, also worked for the CIA from 1967 until 1983. As CIA officers, both men held Top Secret security clearances that granted them access to sensitive and classified CIA information, and both signed nondisclosure agreements.

As Ma admitted in the plea agreement, in March 2001, over a decade after he resigned from the CIA, Ma was contacted by SSSB intelligence officers, who asked Ma to arrange a meeting between CC #1 and the SSSB. Ma convinced CC #1 to agree, and both Ma and CC #1 met with SSSB intelligence officers in a Hong Kong hotel room for three days. During the meetings, CC #1 provided the SSSB with a large volume of classified U.S. national defense information in return for $50,000 in cash. Ma and CC #1 also agreed to continue to assist the SSSB.

In March 2003, while living in Hawaii, Ma applied for a job as a contract linguist in the FBI’s Honolulu Field Office. The FBI, aware of Ma’s ties to PRC intelligence, hired Ma as part of a ruse to monitor and investigate his activities and contacts with the SSSB. Ma worked part time at an offsite location for the FBI from August 2004 until October 2012.

As detailed in the plea agreement, in February 2006, Ma was tasked by the SSSB with asking CC #1 to identify four individuals of interest to the SSSB from photographs. Ma convinced CC #1 to provide the identities of at least two of the individuals, whose identities were and remain classified U.S. national defense information.

Ma confessed that he knowingly and willfully conspired with CC #1 and SSSB intelligence officers to communicate and transmit information that he knew would be used to injure the United States or to advantage the PRC.

In court documents and at today’s sentencing hearing, the government noted that Ma was convicted of a years-long conspiracy to commit espionage, a serious breach of national security that caused the government to expend substantial investigative resources. The government also noted that Ma’s role in the conspiracy was to facilitate the exchange of information between CC #1 and the SSSB, which consisted of classified CIA information that CC #1 had obtained between 1967 and 1983.

Under the terms of the plea agreement, Ma must cooperate with the United States for the rest of his life, including by submitting to debriefings by U.S. government agencies. At the sentencing hearing, government counsel told the court that Ma has been cooperative and has taken part in multiple interview sessions with government agents.

Ma has been sentenced to 10 years in prison, followed by five years of supervised release.

Assistant Attorney General Matthew G. Olsen of the Justice Department’s National Security Division, U.S. Attorney Clare E. Connors for the District of Hawaii and Executive Assistant Director Robert Wells of the FBI's National Security Branch made the announcement.

The FBI’s Honolulu and Los Angeles Field Offices investigated the case.

Assistant U.S. Attorneys Ken Sorenson and Craig Nolan for the District of Hawaii, and Trial Attorneys Scott Claffee and Leslie Esbrook of the National Security Division’s Counterintelligence and Export Control Section prosecuted the case.

Well articulated presentation.

Quote:Are you starting to see it, what is in play here? Do you want to see it?

The more interesting question: Why?

The hard question: What to do about it?

The numbers tell the story:

Quote:No Russian-owned ship has been attacked by Houthis while transiting the Red Sea for 10 months, with only one incident involving a Chinese-owned ship, according to an analysis of 83 attacks.

According to data from the UN’s trade and shipping agency, of the 83 ships targeted between December and September 2, 56 had ownership links to the UK, US or Europe, including 24 from Greece. All but one of the 24 Greek-owned ships were either bulk carriers or tankers. The world’s largest ship-owning country accounted for 30% of all ships attacked, according to the analysis, yet makes up 17% by tonnage.

Even for first rate naval powers, good intel and ship tracking can be an imperfect science. I’m surprised that only one PRC and Russian ship have been hit.

You don’t need to be a paranoid N2 to see that signal. It’s also important to note that the US Navy and its allied ships are not intercepting all of the missiles and drones:

Quote:Four sailors have been killed, two ships have been sunk and a third, the Greek-flagged suezmax tanker Sounion, is in danger.

Next I want you to ponder this little statistic:

Quote:The Houthis launched attacks in the Red Sea in November, protesting Israel’s war on Gaza, with overall transits down 62% as ships divert around the Cape of Good Hope.

If something is bucking that trend and matches up with other I&W, the pattern really starts to break out from the ambient noise. [China-affiliated ships running Red Sea gauntlet more frequently]

Quote:Growing confidence in the safety of China-owned ships is encouraging some shipowners to undertake Red Sea voyages and others to expand on existing services. 

This has been the worst kept secret since late spring - mostly because it forces a lot of uncomfortable questions.

From May:

Quote:…the safest place to transit the Red Sea is now onboard Chinese-owned ships.

The combination of the Houthi’s public agreement with China to not target their shipping and the likely private reprimand after striking the M/V Huang Pu sets up a scenario whereby Chinese shipping will be getting a free pass through the Red Sea. That provides China a significant competitive advantage at the precise moment its economy is starting to falter. There is a way, however, to both remove that advantage and force China to abide by its international obligations.

The linked article above has a nice passive-aggressive “Panda Express” idea, but I’m really not sure there is anything that can be done but to give a nod of respect to the diplomatic and foreign policy community of the People’s Republic of China.

Since we wandered into the exact swamp that Osama bin Laden wanted us to 23 years ago, with a weak hand and no historical legacy advantage to build off of, the People’s Republic of China has done an exceptional job establishing herself on the world stage. In a slow, steady progress, she has earned the respect, cooperation, and yes—fear—that is due a power people have confidence is not easily or cheaply disrespected.

The question really shouldn’t be, “Why is China being given a pass” as much as, “Why are 4th-rate non-state actors comfortable in challenging the free world on the high seas?”

Exploring that will bring wisdom.

This is for my dad. 

I've been spending a lot of time with my son, his girlfriend, and all thier friends. I've also been living with my two nieces, and a friend of theirs, plus their friends come over. Needless to say, I've been surrounded by a bunch of young adults in their early twenties (21-25). Well, there's this word I have heard, over, and over, and over, and over again...

"Bruh"

(Lol)

I caught myself laughing my ass off, to myself because I wanted to tell them the other day, "Quit saying, bruh."

Because I realized something. 

When I was young, and me and my buddies would be hanging out, and back then we called each other, "dude."

My dad would get so sick of this word that he'd belt out, "quit saying, dude." 

This was a constant. I heard it so much growing up. We'd always say, (under our breaths, of course) "Whatever, old man."

Now, I'm the old man....

Hey, you young whipper snappers, quit saying, bruh! And stay off my damn lawn!.""

I got a kick out of this thought. For a moment there, I was my old man.

Love ya, dad. I get it now haha R.I.P.