Quote:As Cuba takes leap towards 'cashless' economy, entrepreneurs brace for impact
HAVANA (Reuters) - When Cuba in early August announced it was taking a major step towards electronic banking and a "cashless" society, the offices of fledgling small businesses across the communist-run country were left scrambling to figure out how to respond.
Most alarming to many budding entrepreneurs was a new 5,000 peso ($20) daily cap on cash withdrawals for businesses, one of several measures the government said were aimed at forcing Cubans to do their transactions electronically, via transfer, online payment and bank cards.
The changes were needed to stem a cash shortage, Cuban central bank officials said, as the fast-falling peso and soaring consumer prices combined to drain bank reserves and ATM machines.
"The demand for cash was growing faster than what we could provide to our bank branches," said Alberto Quinones, vice president of Cuba's central bank. The changes are being rolled out gradually over the next six months, officials say.
But concerns over their impact are already causing difficulties, said Yulieta Hernandez, founder and manager of Pilares Construction, a private, Havana-based builder that employs 60 people.
"We understand there is a crisis, and the need for banking, but this is our money," Hernandez said. Her business had already adopted electronic banking but she often needs quick access to cash to pay for emergencies on job sites, she added.
Even before the new restrictions, Cuban entrepreneurs faced what might seem insurmountable hurtles anywhere else: spotty electricity and internet, widespread fuel shortages, and no practical way to legally exchange large amounts of local currency into the dollars needed to import merchandise from abroad.
Just three days after the rules were put in place, Hernandez said, more bad news rolled in: Many of her suppliers, once amenable to electronic transfers, were now only accepting cash, for fear of losing access to the paper money they needed to operate - the opposite of what the law intended.
That has put businesses like Pilares Construction in a bind: The company needs cash to operate but is prohibited from extracting it in sufficient quantity from its local accounts.
"Right now the effect ... is like paralysis," Hernandez said, adding that many business owners were already freezing investments. "People are waiting to see ... if a solution is found for the problems (the rules) have created."
Five entrepreneurs Reuters spoke with said the measures could dampen enthusiasm for investment in private businesses that sell food, fix cars, build houses and provide other goods and services where state-run enterprises have faltered.
But for many smaller businesses and mom-and-pop stores in Cuba, the formalities of doing business, like paying taxes, remain novel concepts, he said.
"(Cubans) have been doing business on the street for years, without ever knowing what a tax system is," Rodriguez said in an interview in Havana, noting that most operated illegally or on the fringe.
"Declaring our sales, declaring our income ... these concepts are very new."
Cuban officials have said the new banking measures are necessary for transparency, to assure transactions are recorded and taxes are paid.
In Santiago de Cuba, the unofficial capital of the country's eastern farm provinces, the government this week recruited members of local "computer clubs" to hit the streets and train passersby on the basics of cellphone payments.
But Ronald Venero, a 34-year old Havana street vendor who sells fruit and vegetables he buys from farmers outside the city, said most farmers he meets from the countryside remain a world apart from the modern conveniences of mobile internet and electronic payments.
"The farmers who come to sell us merchandise deal in cash," he said. "You tell them that you are going to pay by card or a transfer and they tell you no."
Sounds like a digital disaster.
Will the digital crank fail as it did in AFRICA 2 years ago?
Quote:How has Nigeria’s digital currency fared since its launch?
Abuja, Nigeria – James Ndubuisi, in-house lawyer at Lagos-based entertainment firm SoundHive Group, is certain he has no need for the eNaira – Nigeria’s official digital currency – or its app.
“It needs to be entirely binned,” the 30-year-old told Al Jazeera.
He downloaded the app the same day it was released – on October 25, 2021. Months later, he says that its features are neither valuable nor reasonable.
When asked if he knew the eNaira could be accessed via USSD codes – a quick shortcode available even for users without smartphones – and if he would consider trying that option, Ndubuisi simply said: “Never heard that. Not interested in finding out.”
When the eNaira, the digital form of the naira and the first national digital currency in Africa, was launched by the Central Bank of Nigeria (CBN), officials of the apex bank said it would allow for financial inclusion and fiscal benefits to ultimately boost the economy.
...
In January 2012, CBN introduced a cashless policy to encourage electronic-based transactions and reduce circulation of physical cash nationwide. It was piloted in Lagos, the commercial capital, and implemented on a national scale two years later.
But in many parts of Nigeria, cash is still king.
If it's so great they would have been rolling it out in the USA, not poor crumbling & devastated countries. I suppose Maui/Hawaii is next beta tester.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=LSnbwvUbJb8
"It is hard to imagine a more stupid or more dangerous way of making decisions than by putting those decisions in the hands of people who pay no price for being wrong." – Thomas Sowell